The Effectiveness of the Role the Royal Malaysia Police (PDRM) in Managing the Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic during the Implementation of the Movement Control Order (MCO): A Case Study in Kubang Pasu District, Kedah

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic presented major challenges for law enforcement agencies like the Royal Malaysia Police (PDRM) in enforcing public health measures and maintaining order. This study examined the effectiveness of the PDRM's strategies in managing the pandemic's impact in the rural Kubang Pasu District of Kedah during the Movement Control Order (MCO) implementation. Given the lack of research on this specific local context, the study aimed to investigate how effective the PDRM's strategies were, identify the main challenges faced and how they were addressed, and recommend areas for improvement to enhance their readiness for future crises. Employing a qualitative methodology involving document analysis, in-depth interviews, focus groups, and observations with PDRM personnel, the key findings revealed that while the PDRM's roadblocks, patrols, and enforcement strategies were largely effective, they faced challenges like public non-compliance, misinformation, strained resources, and adapting protocols which impacted their efforts. Recommendations focused on enhancing training, technology investment, improving inter-agency coordination, community engagement, and continuous learning.